View source for Burkholderia cepacia complex

== Background ==

* [[Stain::Gram-negative]] [[Shape::bacillus]]
* Classified into nine genomovars (phenotypically similar but genotypically distinct)
** [[Burkholderia cenocepacia]] (genomovar III)
** [[Burkholderia multivorans]] (genomovar II)
** [[Burkholderia dolosa]] (genomovar VI) 
* Environmental organism
* Multiple mechanisms of resistance:
** β-lactamases
** RND efflux pumps
** Altered LPS conferring polymixin resistance
** Gyrase mutations conferring fluoroquinolone resistance

== Clinical Manifestations ==

* Opportunistic lung infections, primarily of [[cystic fibrosis]] and [[lung transplant]] patients
* Colonizes the lungs of patients with [[cystic fibrosis]] and portends a poor prognosis
* Occasionally causes nosocomial outbreaks traced back to aqueous pharmaceutical products
* Also causes hospital- or ventilator-associated [[pneumonia]], [[bacteremia]] (possibly [[CLABSI]]), [[ecthyma gangrenosum]], [[burn infection]], wound infection, [[endophthalmitis]], and rarely [[endocarditis]]

== Management ==

* Should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing
* Antibiotic options include:
** [[TMP-SMX]] (preferred, if susceptible)
** [[Ceftazidime]] 2 g IV q8h and [[ceftazidime-avibactam]] 2.5 g IV q8h
** [[Meropenem]] 1-2 g IV q8h and [[imipenem]] 1 g IV q8h
** [[Minocycline]] 100 mg p.o.IV q12h

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Burkholderia cepacia'' complex}}
[[Category:Infectious diseases]]
[[Category:Gram-negative bacilli]]