View source for Tissue penetration of antimicrobials

==Summary==
{| class="wikitable"
!Class
!Antimicrobial
!Blood
!CNS
!Urine
!Prostate
!Necrotic
|-
! colspan="7" |Antibiotics: β-Lactams
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Penicillins]]
|β-lactamase inhibitors
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
|
|
|-
|[[ampicillin]]
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|-
|[[piperacillin-tazobactam]]
|
|
|
| +†
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |[[Cephalosporins]]
|first-generation cephalosporins
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|-
|second-generation cephalosporins
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
|
|
|-
|third-generation cephalosporins
|
|
|
| +†
|
|-
|[[cefepime]]
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
|[[ceftazidime]]
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Cephamycins]]
|[[cephamycins]]
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
|
|
|-
|[[cefoxitin]]
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|-
|[[Carbapenems]]
|[[imipenem]]
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
! colspan="7" |Antibiotics: Non-β-Lactams
|-
|[[Aminoglycosides]]
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|-
|[[Chloramphenicol]]
|[[chloramphenicol]]
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
|[[Fluoroquinolones]]
|
|
| style="text-align:center" |–?
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
|[[Fosfomycin]]
|[[fosfomycin]]
|
|
|
| +
|
|-
|[[Lincosamides]]
|[[clindamycin]]
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
|[[Macrolides]]
|[[macrolides]]
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|
|-
|[[Nitrofurans]]
|[[nitrofurantoin]]
| style="text-align:center" |–
| style="text-align:center" |–
| style="text-align:center" | +
| style="text-align:center" |–
| style="text-align:center" |–
|-
|[[Nitroimidazoles]]
|[[metronidazole]]
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
|[[Rifamycins]]
|[[rifampin]]
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|
|-
|[[Sulfonamides]]
|[[trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Tetracyclines]]
|[[tetracyclines]]
|
| style="text-align:center" |–
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|
|-
|[[doxycycline]]
|
|
|
| +
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
! colspan="7" |Antifungals
|-
|[[Azoles]]
|[[fluconazole]]
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:center" | +
|-
|[[Echinocandins]]
|
| +
|
|–
|
|
|-
!Class
!Antimicrobial
!Blood
!CNS
!Urine
!Prostate
!Necrotic
|}

*† if inflammation present

==Prostate==

*Poorly penetrated by most antibiotics
*Penetration is higher with a high concentration gradient, high lipid solubility, low degree of ionization, high dissociation constant, low protein binding, and small molecular size
*[[Fluoroquinolones]] are the mainstay of therapy, though there is increasing resistance
*[[TMP-SMX]] often used, though conflicting data about its penetration into the prostate
*[[Minocycline]], [[doxycycline]], and [[macrolides]] achieve high levels in the prostate but are rarely indicated for the causative organisms
*Third-generation [[cephalosporins]] and [[carbapenems]] can be used
*[[Piperacillin]], [[aztreonam]], [[imipenem]], and some [[aminoglycosides]] are likely useful

[[Category:Antimicrobials]]