View source for Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

==Background==

*Two main forms:
**'''Unmasking''': an underlying, previously undiagnosed infection becomes clinically apparent following immune reconstitution
**'''Paradoxical''': a diagnosed and treated infection worsens following immune reconstitution

=== Microbiology ===

* Mycobacteria
** [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
** [[Mycobacterium avium complex]]
* Fungi
** [[Cryptococcus neoformans]]
* Viruses
** [[Cytomegalovirus]]
** [[Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus]]

===Risk Factors===

*High viral load
*Low CD4 count

== Clinical Manifestations ==

* Varies by underlying infection
* Onset usually a month following starting antiretrovirals, but can be up to a year
** Mostly within 4 to 8 weeks of starting or changing ART, but with a range from 3 days to several months (or in case reports up to years)

[[Category:HIV]]
[[Category:Infectious diseases]]