Mediastinal mass
From IDWiki
Etiologies
Anterior Mediastinal Mass
- Thymic lesion, including thymoma, thymic carcinoma, thymic carcinoid, and thymic cyst
- Lymphoma, particularly Hodgkin disease, mediastinal large cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Teratoma or dermoid cyst
- Germ cell tumour, including seminoma and non-seminomatous tumour (yolk sac tumour, embryonal carcinoma, and choriocarcinoma)
- Substernal goiter or ectopic thyroid tissue
- Parathyroid adenoma
- Lipoma and liposarcoma
- Fibroma and fibrosarcoma
- Foramen of Morgagni hernia
- Fibrosing mediastinitis, including histoplasmosis and tuberculosis, autoimmune disorders, medication effects, and radiation exposure
Middle Mediastinal Mass
- Pericardial cyst
- Lymphadenopathy from lymphoma, sarcoidosis, or metastatic lung cancer
- Enteric cyst
- Esophageal tumour
- Vascular mass or ectasia
Posterior Mediastinal Mass
- Neurogenic tumour, including neurofibroma, neurilemmoma, neurosarcoma, ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, neuroblastoma, chemodectoma, pheochromocytoma
- Meningoceles
- Thoracic spine lesions, including Pott disease
