Acute toxic leukoencephalopathy

Background

Etiologies

• Chemotherapy
• Heroin use
• Opioid use
• Immunsuppression
• Imidazole
• Crack cocaine use
• Environmental (carbon monoxide)
• Ethanol
• Splenial lesions from antiseizure, chemotherapeutic, or immunosuppressive medications

Differential Diagnosis

• Anoxic-ischemic brain injury
• Alcohol use disorder, including associated with cirrhosis and Wernicke encephalopathy
• Chronic toluene use (glue sniffing)