Acute myeloid leukemia
From IDWiki
Definition
- Malignant proliferation of myeloblasts
Classification
Epidemiology
- 1% of cancer deaths
- Median age 65
- More common in Fanconi's anemia, ataxia-telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis, and Bloom's syndrome due to chromosomal instability
Pathophysiology
- AML with genetic aberrations
- t(8;21)
- inv(16)
- t(15;17)
- 11q23 abnormalities
- Myelodysplasia-like
- Therapy-related: from 1 to 8 or more years following chemotherapy
- Not otherwise specified
- AML with myelomonocytic differentiation
- AML with erythroid maturation
Management
- Induction chemotherapy with "7 + 3" cytarabine and daunorubicin with the goal of remission
- Consolidation chemotherapy with HiDAC
- Allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Prognosis
- Better with younger age (<50), good performance status, lack of other medical comorbidities, no history of prior exposure to cytotoxic agents or radiation therapy, and no history of prior MDS or other hematologic disorder
- Categorized based on cytogenetic and molecular features
