- Tested in pregnant women as part of screening for fetal anomalies
- May be elevated in omphalocele, gastroschisis, and neural tube defect
- In adults, elevated AFP may also be seen in:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Metastatic cancer involving the liver
- Non-seminomatous germ cell tumour
- Yolk sac tumour
- Ataxia-telangiectasia
